Bangladesh crisis and INDO-PAK WAR 1971

Though Pakistan was created on the name of religion as the logic which given that Hindu and Muslim can't live together and Muslim around the world follow a common interest of brotherhood. But the fact is that there are some people who can't live with anyone, even if they are alone the fight will continue between there hands and legs.

The same happened with pakistan as religion soon proved inadequate to hold its eastern and western wings together as all the political power soon get concentrated in and its eastern part was being exploited in many ways. In 1948 jinnah declared Urdu as the only official language of Pakistan against which a massive protest took place in its eastern part and thousand of students were killed by Pakistani army to crush the revolt. To remember this protest world celebrates International mother language day on 21 Feb.

The main action begin after the general election of 1970 in which Awami league won in East Pakistan while polls in west Pakistan was swept by PPP. The PPP and League began negotiating a power sharing by 1971, the two reached a more severe deadlock. The Awami League protestors, on failure to reach a power sharing agreement, initiated a massive protest to seek autonomy. The Pakistani army began to suppress the Awami League supporters in Dacca city from March 1971. As the suppression continued, the supporters of the Awami League began to leave their country and started a migration to the Indian state of West Bengal and formed Government of Bangladesh in exile, organised Mukti bahini and launched war of independence. 

At that time India acted calmly as she knows that firstly and action for her side would give blow to pakistani propoganda that disturbence in East Pakistan is created by India. The Mukti bahini had to strengthened before it could confront the Pakistani forces in regular warfare. There was one more problem that the military action may be interfered by big powers and could force the countries into ceasefire. Hence India quickly signed a 20-year Indo-soviet Treaty of peace,friendship and cooperation. On 6th December pakistani airforce launched pre-emptive strike on Indian Air base in northern India after a failed try by pakistani navy popularly known as THE GAZI ATTACK. India responded by recognising Bangladesh(although pm of india had already mentioned Bangladesh in one of her interview on 30th Oct 1971) and launched a strong military action. US tried to intervene but the ceasefire proposal was vetoed by Soviet union.

On 13th December Indian army surrounded Decca and forces pakistani army to surrender on 16th December which is popular celebrated as Vijay diwas in India.

And after that it's Mubarak ho Bangladesh hua hai. About 93000 pakistani army surrender on that day(during surrender major Nagra asked Niazi to surrender his sward but Pakistan's doesn't keep that, Nagra told that then u have nothing except your trousers and your cap to surrender, but letter it was decided that Niazi will surrender his pistol).The surrender was signed at Dhaka, where the fact was that 23000 pakistani soldiers had surrendered before only 3000 Indian forces. During surrender the indian forces dress were very dirty while pakistani soldiers were wearing very neat and clean dress, most probably they were more interested about there dress then the war.The entire surrender ceromany was only of 15 minutes, in the beginning Niazi only write his name as AAK NIA but was wrote his full name when told to do so. Next day India announced unilateral ceasefire on western border. The soldiers were released in mid 1970s. In an interview after the war Niazi had told that on 13th he had ordered about last man last bullet but as the politician of west Pakistan want to end this matter as soon as possible as they feared that they might lost the remaining portion hence they had ordered Niazi to surrender. When Indira Gandhi was announcing the news in lok sabha she was so happy that she that she was making mistakes while his speech and every mistake last with a laughing sound in lok sabha.

After this both the countries signed Simla agreement of 1972(after Pakistan recognised Bangladesh as an independent nation)and india returned all lands captured at western border except some strategic point and named ceasefire line as line of control(although Pakistan's PM Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was begging to India before agreement but after he went to Pakistan he declared himself as a winner). Under this pakistan agreed to resolve all its border problem with india bilaterally without any third party intervention.